3 Poles Expeditions | History of the Poles - South Pole

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South Pole

First ⁽¹⁾	1911	Roald Amundsen Olav Bjaaland Oskar Wisting Sverre Hassel Helmer Hanssen
First unsupported ⁽²⁾	1986	Gareth Woods Roger Mear Robert Swan
First unsupported unassisted ⁽³⁾	1993	Erling Kagge
Number ⁽¹⁾	191
Number unsupported ⁽²⁾	111
Number unsupported unassisted ⁽³⁾	58
First crossing ⁽⁴⁾	1911	Roald Amundsen Olav Bjaaland Oskar Wisting Sverre Hassel Helmer Hanssen
First crossing unsupported ^{(4) (2)}	-
First crossing unsupported unassisted ^{(4) (3)}	-
Number of crossing ⁽⁴⁾	40
Number of crossing unsupported ^{(4) (2)}	-
Number of crossing unsupported unassisted ^{(4) (3)}	-
First solo ⁽⁵⁾	1958	Edmund Hillary
First solo unsupported ^{(5) (2)}	1993	Erling Kagge
First solo unsupported unassisted ^{(5) (3)}	1993	Erling Kagge
Number of solo ⁽⁵⁾	13
Number of solo unsupported ^{(5) (2)}	6
Number of solo unsupported unassisted ^{(5) (3)}	6
First crossing solo ^{(4) (5)}	1996	Borge Ousland
First crossing solo unsupported ^{(4) (5) (2)}	-
First crossing solo unsupported unassisted ^{(4) (5) (3)}	-
Number of crossing solo ^{(4) (5)}	2
Number of crossing solo unsupported ^{(4) (5) (2)}	-
Number of crossing solo unsupported unassisted ^{(4) (5) (3)}	-
Expedition average length ⁽⁹⁾	54 days
Nearest medical center ⁽¹¹⁾	4110 km	Punta Arenas
Maximum altitude	2855 m
Available quantity of oxygen ⁽¹³⁾	59,8%
Average temperatures ⁽¹²⁾	-28°c
Average humidity ⁽¹²⁾	3%
Expedition average cost ⁽¹⁰⁾	75 000 €
Oldest⁽⁸⁾	64 years	Simon Murray
Average age ⁽⁸⁾	38 years
Youngest ⁽⁸⁾	24 years	Andrew Cooney

⁽²⁾ "unsupported" : human powered only, without external power aids (motorized vehicle, dogsled, parasail,...)

⁽³⁾ "unassisted" : without any outside help such as air-resupply, rescue or oxygen ; nevertheless, the "unassisted" label does not exclude a distant logistical support

⁽⁴⁾ "crossing" : crossing of the arctic ocean or the antarctic continent from seacoast to seacoast via the Pole ; this label also applies to return trips

⁽⁵⁾ "solo" : the explorer shall be alone, but it does not imply to be also "unsupported" or "unassisted"

⁽⁸⁾ all types of expeditions

⁽⁹⁾ expeditions unsupported

⁽¹⁰⁾ per person, for a team of 6/8 people (Everest) ; of 2 people (North Pole & South Pole)

⁽¹¹⁾ first medical center reachable from the furthermost point of the expedition (Everest summit, North Pole, South Pole)

⁽¹²⁾ during traditional expedition seasons and over the all expedition length (Everest : April & May, September & October at base camp and summit ; North Pole : March & April over all the journey ; South Pole : November & December over all the journey)

⁽¹³⁾ at the goal (Everest summit, North Pole, South Pole)

All expeditions up to 10/30/07

Source : 3 Poles, Adventurestats / Explorersweb, The Himalayan Database

History of South Pole

Conquer South Pole

The French at South Pole

Selective bibliography

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